There are many pretreatment processes for removing impurities in the production of phosphogypsum, which mainly adopt the combination of physical, chemical or physical chemistry to remove or reduce the content of various harmful impurities in phosphogypsum, so as to obtain better quality finished materials. There are also advantages and disadvantages in the case of various processing technologies.
1. Washing method: washing method is currently the most commonly used method for phosphogypsum resource utilization, which can remove water-soluble impurities and organic matters. The problem is that the one-time investment is large, and the direct discharge of sewage after washing will lead to secondary pollution.
2. Lime neutralization and combination treatment method: This method can convert soluble phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum into inert insoluble salt, thus eliminating their adverse effects. Lime neutralization process is simple, investment is small, it has good effect and is the first choice for non-washing pretreatment of phosphogypsum.
3. Flash firing method: make full use of the feature that p2ois decomposed into gas or partially converted into inert and stable insoluble phosphate compounds at high temperature (200-400℃), therefore, the harm to the product performance is reduced to the lowest point, and harmful substances are decomposed at high temperature or converted into inert substances. The whole process flow is simplified and does not need washing, thus avoiding the problem of water pollution.
4. Calcination method: generally, Phosphogypsum contains 20%-30% of free water and about 20% of crystal water, which has high viscosity and is not easy to be transported. The water can be removed after drying and calcination. Calcined phosphogypsum at a high temperature of about 800℃ can transform the polycrystalline phosphorus into inert and stable insoluble pyrophosphate, and the organic matter can be evaporated and removed. The anhydrous gypsum of Type 11 prepared by high temperature calcination at 800℃ through Lime neutralization has the same performance as the anhydrous gypsum made from natural Bluestone of the same grade: because it is difficult to remove common phosphorus by General pretreatment process, this process is the only effective way to eliminate the influence of hemp phosphorus, but the production cost and energy consumption of calcining process are relatively high.
5. Flotation method: flotation is a method to remove the organic matter floating on the water through flotation equipment by utilizing the feature that the density of organic matter is smaller than that of water when washing, which is actually wet pretreatment, before flotation, water and phosphogypsum are input into flotation equipment in appropriate proportion, and then stirred, let stand and remove suspended substances on the liquid surface.
This method can remove organic matter and some soluble impurities, and the removal amount of soluble impurities is not as significant as washing. The flotation equipment is vulnerable to corrosion. However, when only flotation pretreatment is adopted and qualified building gypsum cannot be prepared, it should be combined with pretreatment processes such as stone neutralization. When the content of organic matter in phosphorite is high and non-washing pretreatment process is adopted, flotation treatment can be carried out.
6. Ball milling method: the general ball milling process is to send phosphogypsum directly into the ball mill for ball milling, and control its specific surface area to be 3500-4000c㎡/g, the ball milling method can improve the particle morphology and grading ball milling of phosphogypsum, which damages the regular plate morphology and uniform scale of dihydrate gypsum crystal in phosphogypsum, and its particle morphology is columnar, plate, sugar granular and other diversity. Due to the existence of impurities, the condensation time of phosphogypsum is still very long, and the improvement of strength is also limited, but ball milling cannot eliminate the harmful effects of impurities, so ball milling should be combined with pretreatment such as lime neutralization and washing.
7. Spontaneous combustion drying and aging method: dry phosphogypsum naturally for about half a year, and the contents of phosphorus, fluorine, organic matter and water can be greatly reduced. Aging is generally the last process, which can naturally aging the β-semi-hydrated gypsum which removes crystal water for 3 - 5 days, so that the material can convert anhydrous calcium sulfate into semi-hydrated Stone sound, so as to improve the performance of mature stone Green.
In fact, there are many pretreatment methods of phosphogypsum, and its essence is the combination of the above several processes.
For example, water washing + lime neutralization, lime neutralization + ball milling, lime neutralization + flotation, lime neutralization + calcining, flotation + ball milling, etc, it's just that each place adopts different combination methods and specific processes according to its own phosphogypsum.
Henan Zhengzhou Mining Machinery Co., Ltd. Is a supplier of solutions for the overall disposal of phosphogypsum. It has expert technical support in metallurgy, building materials, chemical industry and other industries, and has long-term cooperation with the School of Chemical Engineering of Zhengzhou University, with a skilled process route and a professional mechanical design team, the company has established a pilot test production line to meet all kinds of test requirements. The company is also a supplier of complete sets of equipment, which can be engaged in design, construction, installation, all the debugging processes, in the decades of continuous development of the company, have been committed to contributing to the environmental protection cause, adhering to the concept of "morality comes first, benefit comes later, serve every customer efficiently.